The subtle color distinction is the important function of electronic endoscope imaging diagnosis. However, after image acquisition, transmission and display, color distortions of intracorporeal organs or tissues occur inevitably, which are adverse to analyze image features accurately or to diagnose early pathological changes. A real-time color correction algorithm based on fourneighborhood and polynomial regression in YUV color space is proposed. Based on polynomial regression the color correction matrix is calculated in YUV color space according to the differences between standard values of color checker and measured values of that imaged by the endoscope. As the correction is only executed on U and V components in YUV color space, the defect that the color of corrected images in RGB color space will change along with luminance can be avoided, and then the stability of image color is improved. Owing to four-neighborhood processing, the signal-to-noise ratio of corrected images is enhanced and the processing speed of correction algorithm is accelerated. The average color difference is reduced from 0.3944 to 0.2850 by application of the proposed algorithm in high-definition electronic endoscope. A total of 17 frames per second can be achieved at the resolution of 1280 × 800, and the color characteristics of the image after processing match that of human visual system.

研制了一种激光共焦扫描显微内窥镜，采用望远式显微内窥光学系统，同时实现长距离的图像中继传输、远心f-theta光学扫描和显微内窥成像功能.二维共焦扫描由双振镜实现，低噪音扫描控制信号由嵌入式系统产生.为实现便携式应用，激光共焦扫描显微内窥镜采用小型化设计方案.首先，体内的显微内窥成像光学系统，外径尺寸为8 mm，工作长度为250.3 mm，可通过标准腹腔镜手术孔进行体内显微内窥成像；其次，采用3 mm通光孔径的小尺寸平面反射镜实现体外共焦扫描，摆动频率为100 Hz，实现快速共焦扫描；最后，激光控制和荧光探测仅通过电缆和光纤与共焦扫描显微内窥镜前端连接，减小了显微内窥镜的前端尺寸和重量.通过实验验证，本系统的成像视场为φ 600 μm，光学分辨率为2.2 μm，可采用手持式或者其他方式工作，进行体内组织的共焦扫描成像，实现微创、在体的荧光显微内窥术.